/*
 * Copyright 2002-2017 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.web.method;

import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.core.BridgeMethodResolver;
import org.springframework.core.GenericTypeResolver;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotatedElementUtils;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.SynthesizingMethodParameter;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;

/**
 * Encapsulates information about a handler method consisting of a
 * {@linkplain #getMethod() method} and a {@linkplain #getBean() bean}.
 * Provides convenient access to method parameters, the method return value,
 * method annotations, etc.
 *
 * <p>The class may be created with a bean instance or with a bean name
 * (e.g. lazy-init bean, prototype bean). Use {@link #createWithResolvedBean()}
 * to obtain a {@code HandlerMethod} instance with a bean instance resolved
 * through the associated {@link BeanFactory}.
 *
 * @author Arjen Poutsma
 * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Sam Brannen
 * @since 3.1
 */
public class HandlerMethod {

	/** Logger that is available to subclasses */
	protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());

	private final Object bean;

	@Nullable
	private final BeanFactory beanFactory;

	private final Class<?> beanType;

	private final Method method;

	private final Method bridgedMethod;

	private final MethodParameter[] parameters;

	@Nullable
	private HttpStatus responseStatus;

	@Nullable
	private String responseStatusReason;

	@Nullable
	private HandlerMethod resolvedFromHandlerMethod;


	/**
	 * Create an instance from a bean instance and a method.
	 */
	public HandlerMethod(Object bean, Method method) {
		Assert.notNull(bean, "Bean is required");
		Assert.notNull(method, "Method is required");
		this.bean = bean;
		this.beanFactory = null;
		this.beanType = ClassUtils.getUserClass(bean);
		this.method = method;
		this.bridgedMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(method);
		this.parameters = initMethodParameters();
		evaluateResponseStatus();
	}

	/**
	 * Create an instance from a bean instance, method name, and parameter types.
	 * @throws NoSuchMethodException when the method cannot be found
	 */
	public HandlerMethod(Object bean, String methodName, Class<?>... parameterTypes) throws NoSuchMethodException {
		Assert.notNull(bean, "Bean is required");
		Assert.notNull(methodName, "Method name is required");
		this.bean = bean;
		this.beanFactory = null;
		this.beanType = ClassUtils.getUserClass(bean);
		this.method = bean.getClass().getMethod(methodName, parameterTypes);
		this.bridgedMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(this.method);
		this.parameters = initMethodParameters();
		evaluateResponseStatus();
	}

	/**
	 * Create an instance from a bean name, a method, and a {@code BeanFactory}.
	 * The method {@link #createWithResolvedBean()} may be used later to
	 * re-create the {@code HandlerMethod} with an initialized bean.
	 */
	public HandlerMethod(String beanName, BeanFactory beanFactory, Method method) {
		Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name is required");
		Assert.notNull(beanFactory, "BeanFactory is required");
		Assert.notNull(method, "Method is required");
		this.bean = beanName;
		this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
		Class<?> beanType = beanFactory.getType(beanName);
		if (beanType == null) {
			throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot resolve bean type for bean with name '" + beanName + "'");
		}
		this.beanType = ClassUtils.getUserClass(beanType);
		this.method = method;
		this.bridgedMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(method);
		this.parameters = initMethodParameters();
		evaluateResponseStatus();
	}

	/**
	 * Copy constructor for use in subclasses.
	 */
	protected HandlerMethod(HandlerMethod handlerMethod) {
		Assert.notNull(handlerMethod, "HandlerMethod is required");
		this.bean = handlerMethod.bean;
		this.beanFactory = handlerMethod.beanFactory;
		this.beanType = handlerMethod.beanType;
		this.method = handlerMethod.method;
		this.bridgedMethod = handlerMethod.bridgedMethod;
		this.parameters = handlerMethod.parameters;
		this.responseStatus = handlerMethod.responseStatus;
		this.responseStatusReason = handlerMethod.responseStatusReason;
		this.resolvedFromHandlerMethod = handlerMethod.resolvedFromHandlerMethod;
	}

	/**
	 * Re-create HandlerMethod with the resolved handler.
	 */
	private HandlerMethod(HandlerMethod handlerMethod, Object handler) {
		Assert.notNull(handlerMethod, "HandlerMethod is required");
		Assert.notNull(handler, "Handler object is required");
		this.bean = handler;
		this.beanFactory = handlerMethod.beanFactory;
		this.beanType = handlerMethod.beanType;
		this.method = handlerMethod.method;
		this.bridgedMethod = handlerMethod.bridgedMethod;
		this.parameters = handlerMethod.parameters;
		this.responseStatus = handlerMethod.responseStatus;
		this.responseStatusReason = handlerMethod.responseStatusReason;
		this.resolvedFromHandlerMethod = handlerMethod;
	}


	private MethodParameter[] initMethodParameters() {
		int count = this.bridgedMethod.getParameterCount();
		MethodParameter[] result = new MethodParameter[count];
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
			HandlerMethodParameter parameter = new HandlerMethodParameter(i);
			GenericTypeResolver.resolveParameterType(parameter, this.beanType);
			result[i] = parameter;
		}
		return result;
	}

	private void evaluateResponseStatus() {
		ResponseStatus annotation = getMethodAnnotation(ResponseStatus.class);
		if (annotation == null) {
			annotation = AnnotatedElementUtils.findMergedAnnotation(getBeanType(), ResponseStatus.class);
		}
		if (annotation != null) {
			this.responseStatus = annotation.code();
			this.responseStatusReason = annotation.reason();
		}
	}


	/**
	 * Return the bean for this handler method.
	 */
	public Object getBean() {
		return this.bean;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the method for this handler method.
	 */
	public Method getMethod() {
		return this.method;
	}

	/**
	 * This method returns the type of the handler for this handler method.
	 * <p>Note that if the bean type is a CGLIB-generated class, the original
	 * user-defined class is returned.
	 */
	public Class<?> getBeanType() {
		return this.beanType;
	}

	/**
	 * If the bean method is a bridge method, this method returns the bridged
	 * (user-defined) method. Otherwise it returns the same method as {@link #getMethod()}.
	 */
	protected Method getBridgedMethod() {
		return this.bridgedMethod;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the method parameters for this handler method.
	 */
	public MethodParameter[] getMethodParameters() {
		return this.parameters;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the specified response status, if any.
	 * @since 4.3.8
	 * @see ResponseStatus#code()
	 */
	@Nullable
	protected HttpStatus getResponseStatus() {
		return this.responseStatus;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the associated response status reason, if any.
	 * @since 4.3.8
	 * @see ResponseStatus#reason()
	 */
	@Nullable
	protected String getResponseStatusReason() {
		return this.responseStatusReason;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the HandlerMethod return type.
	 */
	public MethodParameter getReturnType() {
		return new HandlerMethodParameter(-1);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the actual return value type.
	 */
	public MethodParameter getReturnValueType(@Nullable Object returnValue) {
		return new ReturnValueMethodParameter(returnValue);
	}

	/**
	 * Return {@code true} if the method return type is void, {@code false} otherwise.
	 */
	public boolean isVoid() {
		return Void.TYPE.equals(getReturnType().getParameterType());
	}

	/**
	 * Return a single annotation on the underlying method traversing its super methods
	 * if no annotation can be found on the given method itself.
	 * <p>Also supports <em>merged</em> composed annotations with attribute
	 * overrides as of Spring Framework 4.2.2.
	 * @param annotationType the type of annotation to introspect the method for
	 * @return the annotation, or {@code null} if none found
	 * @see AnnotatedElementUtils#findMergedAnnotation
	 */
	@Nullable
	public <A extends Annotation> A getMethodAnnotation(Class<A> annotationType) {
		return AnnotatedElementUtils.findMergedAnnotation(this.method, annotationType);
	}

	/**
	 * Return whether the parameter is declared with the given annotation type.
	 * @param annotationType the annotation type to look for
	 * @since 4.3
	 * @see AnnotatedElementUtils#hasAnnotation
	 */
	public <A extends Annotation> boolean hasMethodAnnotation(Class<A> annotationType) {
		return AnnotatedElementUtils.hasAnnotation(this.method, annotationType);
	}

	/**
	 * Return the HandlerMethod from which this HandlerMethod instance was
	 * resolved via {@link #createWithResolvedBean()}.
	 */
	@Nullable
	public HandlerMethod getResolvedFromHandlerMethod() {
		return this.resolvedFromHandlerMethod;
	}

	/**
	 * If the provided instance contains a bean name rather than an object instance,
	 * the bean name is resolved before a {@link HandlerMethod} is created and returned.
	 */
	public HandlerMethod createWithResolvedBean() {
		Object handler = this.bean;
		if (this.bean instanceof String) {
			Assert.state(this.beanFactory != null, "Cannot resolve bean name without BeanFactory");
			String beanName = (String) this.bean;
			handler = this.beanFactory.getBean(beanName);
		}
		return new HandlerMethod(this, handler);
	}

	/**
	 * Return a short representation of this handler method for log message purposes.
	 * @since 4.3
	 */
	public String getShortLogMessage() {
		int args = this.method.getParameterCount();
		return getBeanType().getName() + "#" + this.method.getName() + "[" + args + " args]";
	}


	@Override
	public boolean equals(Object other) {
		if (this == other) {
			return true;
		}
		if (!(other instanceof HandlerMethod)) {
			return false;
		}
		HandlerMethod otherMethod = (HandlerMethod) other;
		return (this.bean.equals(otherMethod.bean) && this.method.equals(otherMethod.method));
	}

	@Override
	public int hashCode() {
		return (this.bean.hashCode() * 31 + this.method.hashCode());
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return this.method.toGenericString();
	}


	/**
	 * A MethodParameter with HandlerMethod-specific behavior.
	 */
	protected class HandlerMethodParameter extends SynthesizingMethodParameter {

		public HandlerMethodParameter(int index) {
			super(HandlerMethod.this.bridgedMethod, index);
		}

		protected HandlerMethodParameter(HandlerMethodParameter original) {
			super(original);
		}

		@Override
		public Class<?> getContainingClass() {
			return HandlerMethod.this.getBeanType();
		}

		@Override
		public <T extends Annotation> T getMethodAnnotation(Class<T> annotationType) {
			return HandlerMethod.this.getMethodAnnotation(annotationType);
		}

		@Override
		public <T extends Annotation> boolean hasMethodAnnotation(Class<T> annotationType) {
			return HandlerMethod.this.hasMethodAnnotation(annotationType);
		}

		@Override
		public HandlerMethodParameter clone() {
			return new HandlerMethodParameter(this);
		}
	}


	/**
	 * A MethodParameter for a HandlerMethod return type based on an actual return value.
	 */
	private class ReturnValueMethodParameter extends HandlerMethodParameter {

		@Nullable
		private final Object returnValue;

		public ReturnValueMethodParameter(@Nullable Object returnValue) {
			super(-1);
			this.returnValue = returnValue;
		}

		protected ReturnValueMethodParameter(ReturnValueMethodParameter original) {
			super(original);
			this.returnValue = original.returnValue;
		}

		@Override
		public Class<?> getParameterType() {
			return (this.returnValue != null ? this.returnValue.getClass() : super.getParameterType());
		}

		@Override
		public ReturnValueMethodParameter clone() {
			return new ReturnValueMethodParameter(this);
		}
	}

}
